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The Alabama Constitution

Article I: Declaration of Rights
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle I (Declaration of Rights)
§1Equality and Rights of Men
§2People Source of Power
§3Religious Freedom
§3.01Alabama Religious Freedom Amendment
§3.02Religious Rights and Liberties
§4Freedom of Speech and Press
§5Unreasonable Search and Seizure; Search Warrants
§6Rights of Persons in Criminal Prosecutions Generally; Self-Incrimination; Due Process of Law; Right to Speedy, Public Trial; Change of Venue
§6.01Basic Rights for Crime Victims
§7Accusation, Arrest and Detention; Punishment Limited to Laws Established Prior to Offense
§8Proceeding Against Person by Information; Grand Jury Not Required in Misdemeanor Cases
§9Double Jeopardy; Discharge of Juries from Cases
§10Right to Prosecute Civil Cause
§11Right to Trial by Jury
§12Prosecutions for Libel or for Publication of Papers Investigating Official Conduct of Public Officers
§13Courts to be Open; Remedies for All Injuries; Impartiality of Justice
§13.5Application of Foreign Law
§14State Not to be Made Defendant
§15Excessive Fines; Cruel or Unusual Punishment
§16Right to Bail; Excessive Bail
§17Suspension of Habeas Corpus
§18Treason Against the State
§19Bills of Attainder of Treason by Legislature Prohibited; Conviction Not to Work Corruption of Blood or Forfeiture of Estate
§20Imprisonment for Debts
§21Suspension of Laws
§22Ex Post Facto Laws; Impairment of Obligations of Contracts; Irrevocable or Exclusive Grants of Special Privileges or Immunities
§2-2.20Judicial Commission
§24Navigable Waters Declared Free Public Highways; Taxes, Tolls, etc., for Use of Shores or Wharves
§25Right to Peaceably Assemble and Petition for Redress of Grievances, etc
§26Right to Bear Arms
§27Standing Army; Military Subordinate to Civil Power
§28Quartering of Soldiers in Houses
§29Titles of Nobility, Hereditary Distinction, etc.; Restriction on Appointments to Office
§30Immigration, Emigration and Exile
§31Residence Not Forfeited by Temporary Absence from State
§32Slavery Prohibited; Involuntary Servitude
§33Protection of Suffrage
§34Property Rights of Aliens
§35Objective of Government
§36Construction of Declaration of Rights
§36.01English as Official Language of State
§36.02Sportsperson’s Bill of Rights
§36.03Sanctity of Marriage
§36.04Mandatory Participation in Health Care System Prohibited
§36.05Right to Work
§36.06Sanctity of Unborn Life
Article II: State and County Boundaries
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle II (State and County Boundaries)
§37State Boundaries Defined
§38County Boundaries Ratified and Confirmed
§39Arrangement and Designation of County Boundaries; New Counties
§40Minimum Distance of County Boundaries from Courthouse
§41Removal of Courthouse or County Site
§41.02Establishing or Abolishing Branch Courthouse or Division or Branch of Court of Record
Article III: Distribution of Powers of Government
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle III (Distribution of Powers of Government)
§42Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Branches of Government; Separation of Powers
§43Approval of Legislature for Court Orders Requiring Disbursement of State Funds
§43.02Administration of County Affairs
§43.03Use of Tax Revenues Collected Within Major 21St Century Manufacturing Zones
Article IV: Legislative Department
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle IV (Legislative Department)
§44Composition of Legislature
§45Style of Laws; Division of Laws; Laws Restricted to One Subject; Amendment or Revival of Laws by Title Only
§46Election and Terms of Office of Senators and Representatives; Vacancies in Office
§46.01Continuity of Legislature in Event of Enemy Attack
§47Qualifications of Senators and Representatives
§48Time and Place of Meetings of Legislature; Maximum Length of Sessions
§48.01Time and Place of Meetings of Legislature; Biennial Sessions; Organizational Sessions; Election of President Pro Tempore of Senate and Speaker of House of Representatives; Maximum Length of Sessions; Compensation and Travel Allowances of Members of Legislature
§48.02Alabama State House
§49Compensation and Expenses of Members of Legislature
§50Number of Senators and Representatives; Apportionment of Legislators
§51Election of President Pro Tem of Senate and Speaker of House of Representatives; Temporary President and Speaker; Officers of Each House; Each House Judge of Election, Returns and Qualifications of Members
§52Quorum in Each House
§53Rules of Proceedings of Both Houses; Punishment for Contempt or Disorderly Behavior; Enforcement of Process; Protection of Members from Violence, Bribes, etc.; Expulsion of Members
§54Expulsion for Corruption Bar to Further Service in Legislature; Punishment for Contempt or Disorderly Behavior Not Bar to Indictment for Same Offense
§55Journal of Proceedings of Each House
§56Immunity of Legislators
§57Doors of Each House to be Open; Exceptions; Restrictions on Admittance to Floor
§58Adjournment or Change of Place of Sitting by One House Without Consent of Other House
§59Appointment of Legislators to Other Offices During Terms for Which Elected
§60Conviction of Certain Crimes Bar to Eligibility for Legislature and to Holding State Office of Trust or Profit
§61Laws to be Passed by Bills; Restrictions on Amendments to Bills
§62Referral of Bills to Standing Committees
§63Number of Readings for Bills; Recordation of Votes on Bills; Majority Vote Required for Passage of Bills
§64Procedure for Amendment of Bills; Adoption of Reports of Committees of Conference
§65Lotteries and Gift Enterprises Prohibited
§66Signature of Bills by Presiding Officer of Each House; Reading of Bills at Length May be Dispensed With
§67Number, Duties and Compensation of Officers and Employees of Each House
§68Extra Compensation Not to be Granted Public Officer, Employee, Contractor, etc., After Service Rendered or Contract Made; Increase or Decrease of Compensation of Officers During Term of Office
§68.01Increasing or Decreasing Salaries, etc., of State and County Officers
§69Stationery, Printing, Fuel, etc., to be Furnished by Lowest Responsible Bidder; Conflicts of Interest
§70Revenue Bills to Originate in House of Representatives; Preparation of General Revenue Bill; Amendments to Revenue Bills by Senate; Time Limit for Passage of Revenue Bills
§71Restrictions on General Appropriation Bill
§71.01Paramount Duty of Legislature to Make Basic Appropriations at Regular Sessions
§72Payment of Money Out of State Treasury; Publication of Annual Statement of Receipts and Expenditures
§73Appropriations to Charitable or Educational Institutions Not Under Absolute Control of State
§74Restrictions on Investment of Trust Funds by Executors, Trustees, etc., in Private Corporations
§75Change of Venue in Civil and Criminal Cases
§76Restrictions on Legislation at Special Sessions
§77State Office for Inspection or Measuring of Merchandise, Commodities, etc., Prohibited
§78Legislation to Change Seat of Government of State
§79Bribery - Solicitation, Acceptance, etc., of Bribes by Legislators
§80Bribery - Offer, Gift, etc., of Money, etc., to Executive or Judicial Officers or Members of Legislature to Influence Official Acts
§81Offense of Corrupt Solicitation to be Defined by Law
§82Disclosure of Personal or Private Interest in Bills, etc., by Legislators
§83Voting in Elections by Legislature
§84Adoption of Laws to Provide for Arbitration Between Parties
§85Periodic Revision and Promulgation of Laws
§86Suppression of Dueling
§87Deductions from Salaries or Compensation of Public Officers for Neglect of Duty
§88Counties to Provide for Maintenance of the Poor
§89Municipalities Not to Pass Laws in Conflict with General Laws of State
§90Acquisition of Foreign Territory; Rights and Privileges of Inhabitants of Acquired Territory
§91Exemption from Taxation of State, County, Municipal, Cemetery and Certain Religious, Educational and Charitable Property
§92Rules and Regulations to Ascertain Value of Property Exempted from Sale Under Legal Process
§93State Not to Engage in Internal Improvements or Lending Money or Credit for Same; State Interest in Private or Corporate Enterprises; Construction, Maintenance, etc., of Public Roads, Highways and Bridges, Harbors and Seaports and Public Airports and Air Navigation Facilities
§93.01Promotion of Catfish Industry
§93.02Promotion of Cattle Industry
§93.03Eradication or Control of the Boll Weevil in Cotton
§93.04Promotion of Grain Industry
§93.05Indemnification Program for Peanut Farmers
§93.06Promotion of Production, Distribution, etc., of Peanuts, Milk, and Cotton
§93.07Promotion of Poultry and Poultry Products
§93.08Promotion of Soybean Industry
§93.09Promotion of Production, Distribution, etc., of Swine and Swine Products
§93.10Organization and Promotion of Sheep and Goat Industry
§93.11Drainage Districts
§93.12Public Hospitals and Health Facilities
§93.13Development of Irrigation Districts
§93.14Soil and Water Conservation Commission
§93.15Development of Bear Creek Watershed Area
§93.16Water Management Districts
§93.17Organization and Promotion of Shrimp and Seafood Industry
§93.18Grant of Certain Monies to Public or Private Entities for Broadband Infrastructure
§94Political Subdivisions Not to Grant Public Money or Lend Credit to Individuals or Corporations; Alienation of Recreational Facilities and Housing Projects by Political Subdivisions and Public Bodies; Expenditures by Local School Boards of Education for Recognition of Contributions to Public Education
§94.01Promotion of Economic and Industrial Development by County Commission
§94.02Tax Increment Districts in Counties and Municipalities
§95Impairing Obligation of Contracts; Revival of Barred Rights or Remedies; Removal of Cause of Action or Defense to Suit After Commencement of Suit
§96Uniformity of Laws Regulating Court Costs and Charges and Fees, Commissions and Allowances of Public Officers
§96.01Salaries, Fees, etc., of County Officials Charged with Assessing and Collecting Ad Valorem Taxes; Abolishment, Combination or Alteration of Offices of Tax Assessor, Tax Collector or License Commissioner
§97Payment of Salary of Deceased Officer After Date of Death
§98Payments or Grants to Retiring Officers
§99Restrictions on Donation or Sale of State Lands to Private Corporations or Individuals; Grant of Easements to Railroad, Telephone and Telegraph Companies
§100Obligations and Liabilities of Corporations, etc., Held or Owned by State, Counties or Municipalities
§101Lobbying in Legislature by State or County Officials
§103Regulation, etc., of Common Carriers, Partnerships, Associations, Trusts, Monopolies and Combinations of Capital
§104Special, Private or Local Laws - Prohibited in Certain Cases
§104.01Election of City Boards of Education - Population 125,000 or Less
§104.02Election of City Boards of Education - Population Exceeding 125,000
§105Special, Private or Local Laws - Prohibited in Cases Provided for by General Law; Exception as to Time of Holding Courts; Partial Repeal of General Laws
§106Special, Private or Local Laws - Publication or Posting of Notice of Intent to Apply Therefor Within County or Counties Affected Prior to Introduction of Bill
§106.01Validation of Certain Population Based Acts and Method for Amendment Thereof
§107Special, Private or Local Laws - Notice Required by Section 106 Prerequisite to Repeal or Amendment
§108Suspension of General Laws for Benefit of Individuals or Private Corporations; Exemption of Individuals or Private Corporations from Operation of General Laws
§109General Laws for Protection of Local and Private Interests
§110General Law, "Local Law" and "Special Law" Defined
§111Amendment of Bill Introduced as General Law So as to Become Special, Private or Local Law on Passage
§111.01Laws Placing Responsibility for County Roads in State Highway Department
§111.02Termination of Alimony Upon Remarriage or Cohabitation of Spouse
§111.03Effectiveness of Laws Providing for Expenditure of County Funds
§111.04Effectiveness of Laws Providing for Expenditure of Municipal Funds
§111.05Effectiveness of Unfunded Mandates for Municipalities, etc
§111.06Expenditure of Fees or Taxes Relating to Use, etc., of Vehicles and to Fuels Used for Vehicles
§111.07Maximum Age Limitations on Certain Appointed or Elected Officials Prohibited
§111.08Implementation Date of Laws Providing for Conduct of the General Election
Article V: Executive Department
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle V (Executive Department)
§112Composition; Officers Enumerated
§113Supreme Executive Power Vested in Governor
§114Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney-General, State Auditor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, and Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries - How Elected; When Election Held
§115Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney-General, State Auditor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, and Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries - Returns of Election Transmitted to Speaker of House of Representatives; Opening and Publication of Election Returns; Duties of Speaker and Legislature Ministerial in Opening and Publication of Votes; Person Having Highest Number of Votes Elected; Tie Votes; Contested Elections
§116Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, State Auditor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, and Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries - Term of Office; Officers May Succeed Selves for One Additional Term
§117Qualifications of Governor and Lieutenant Governor; Lieutenant Governor Ex Officio President of Senate
§118Compensation and Residency Requirements for Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney-General, State Auditor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, and Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries
§119Increase in Salary of Governor at Session of Legislature Following Ratification of Constitution
§120Governor to Faithfully Execute Laws
§121Governor May Require Reports from Officers of Executive Department and Officers and Managers of State Institutions; False Reports or Failure to File Reports Constitutes Impeachable Offense
§122Governor Authorized to Convene Legislature on Extraordinary Occasions; Proclamation of Governor to State Matters on Which Action Necessary
§123Reports and Information to be Given Legislature by Governor; Presentation of Budget to Legislature
§124Authority of Governor to Grant Reprieves and Commutations to Persons Under Sentence of Death; Legislature to Regulate Administration of Pardons, Paroles, Remission of Fines and Forfeitures, Suspension of Sentences and Probation; Pardon Not Relief from Civil and Political Disabilities Unless Specifically Provided
§125Presentation of Bills to Governor for Signature; Veto Power of Governor; Procedure for Passage of Bill After Veto by Governor; Effect of Failure of Governor to Sign Bill
§126Authority of Governor to Veto Items in Appropriation Bills
§127Succession to Office of Governor; Filling of Vacancy When Offices of Governor and Lieutenant Governor Both Vacant; Procedure When Governor or Successor Impeached, Absent from State, Disabled, etc.; Failure of Governor-Elect, Lieutenant Governor-Elect, etc., to Qualify
§128Procedure When Governor or Acting Governor Appears to be of Unsound Mind
§129Compensation of Acting Governor
§130Holding Office in Addition to That of Governor
§131Military Powers of Governor
§132Qualifications of Attorney-General, State Auditor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, and Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries
§133Great Seal of State
§134Duties of Secretary of State Generally
§135Issuance and Execution of Grants and Commissions
§136Vacancy in Office or Unsoundness of Mind of Attorney-General, State Auditor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, or Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries
§137Duties Generally and Restrictions on Receipt of Fees, etc., by Attorney General, State Auditor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, and Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries; Annual Reports by State Treasurer and State Auditor; Attorney General May be Required to Defend Suits Against State, Political Subdivisions, Officers, etc
§138Election and Term of Office of Sheriffs; Sheriff Eligible to Succeed Self; Impeachment of Sheriff; Effect of Impeachment of Sheriff
§138.01Appointments and Promotions in Civil Service
§138.02Conveyance of Alabama State Docks Department Property
§138.03Use of Assets of State Retirement Systems
§138.04Health Care Benefits for Retired State and Education Employees
Article VI: Judicial Department
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle VI (Judicial Department)
§139Judicial Power
§140The Supreme Court
§141Courts of Appeals
§142Circuit Court
§143District Court
§144Probate Court
§145Municipal Courts
§146Qualifications of Judges
§147Prohibited Activities
§148Judicial Compensation
§149Administration
§150Power to Make Rules
§151Number of Circuit and District Judges
§152Election of Judges
§153Vacancies in Judicial Office
§154Tenure of Office
§155Retirement
§155.01Retirement - District Attorneys and Circuit Clerks
§156Judicial Inquiry Commission
§157Court of the Judiciary
§158Impeachment Provisions in Article Vii, Section 173 to Apply to Supreme Court Justices and Appellate Judges
§159Disqualification
§160District Attorneys, Clerks, Court Revenue
§161Continuation of Courts, District Attorneys, Clerks
§162Designation of Circuit Solicitor as District Attorney
Article VII: Impeachments
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle VII (Impeachments)
§173Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, State Auditor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, Members of the State Board of Education, Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries, and Justices of Supreme Court
§174Judges of the District and Circuit Courts, Judges of the Probate Courts, Judges of Courts from Which Appeal May be Taken Directly to Supreme Court, District Attorneys, and Sheriffs
§175County Officers, and Officers of an Incorporated City or Town
§176Limitation on Impeachment Penalties; Accused Person Liable to Indictment and Punishment
Article VIII: Suffrage and Elections
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle VIII (Suffrage and Elections)
§177Suffrage and Elections
Article IX: Representation
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle IX (Representation)
§197Ratio of Senators to Representatives
§198Maximum Number of Members of House of Representatives; Apportionment of House Based on Decennial Census of United States
§199Duty of Legislature to Fix Number of Representatives and Apportion Them Among Counties Following Each Decennial Census; Each County Entitled to at Least One Representative
§200Duty of Legislature to Fix Number of Senators and Divide State into Senatorial Districts; Equality of Senatorial Districts; Senatorial Districts Not to be Changed Until Next Apportioning Session; Division of Counties Between Senatorial Districts Prohibited; Counties Within Senatorial Districts to be Contiguous
§201State May Provide for Enumeration of Inhabitants for Purpose of Apportionment of Representatives and Senators
Article X: Exemptions
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle X (Exemptions)
§204Personal Property of Value of One Thousand Dollars Exempt from Sale, Execution or Other Process of Court Issued for Collection of Debt
§205Homestead Not Exceeding Eighty Acres or City, Town or Village Lot Not Exceeding Two Thousand Dollars in Value Exempt from Sale, Execution or Other Process of Court Issued for Collection of Debt; Exception as to Mortgages
§206Homestead of Family Exempt from Payments of Debt After Death of Owner During Minority of Children
§207Laborers' Liens and Mechanics' Liens Not Barred by Sections 204 and 205
§208Homestead Exempt Upon Death of Owner, Leaving Widow, but No Children
§209Property Rights of Females; Property of Wife Not Liable for Debts, etc., of Husband
§210Waiver of Right of Exemption
Article XI: Taxation
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XI (Taxation)
§211Property Taxes to be Assessed in Exact Proportion to Value of Property
§211.01Income Taxes
§211.02Disposition of Income Tax; Exemption of Homesteads from State Ad Valorem Tax
§211.03State Tax on Net Income of Corporations
§211.04Deduction of Federal Income Tax from Gross Income When Computing State Income Tax
§212Power to Levy Taxes Not to be Delegated
§213Creation of State Debt After Ratification of Constitution; Temporary Loans; Refunding Bonds for Existing Indebtedness; Payment of Interest on Certain Outstanding and Unpaid State Warrants; Sinking Fund for Payment of Floating Indebtedness; Warrants Not to be Drawn on State Treasury Unless Money Available for Payment; Unpaid Appropriations for Which Money Unavailable at End of Fiscal Year
§213.01State Works of Internal Improvement Along Navigable Waterways and Indebtedness Therefor
§213.02Bonds for State Docks Facilities
§213.03Bonds for State Docks Facilities
§213.04Navigable Waterway Between Demopolis and Tennessee River and Flood Control Projects on Tributary Streams of Tombigbee River
§213.05Bonds for State Docks Facilities
§213.06Works of Internal Improvement Along Navigable Waterways
§213.07Bonds for Theodore Ship Channel Project in Mobile Harbor
§213.08Navigable Waterway Between Montgomery and Gadsden and to the Alabama-Georgia Boundary
§213.09Works of Internal Improvement Along Navigable Waterways
§213.10Development, Improvement, etc., of State Docks Facilities at Port of Mobile
§213.11Bonds, etc., for Navigable Waterway Between Demopolis and Tennessee River and Tombigbee Valley Projects
§213.12Bonds of Alabama State Docks Department Not Debt of State
§213.13Deepening, Widening and Extending of Federal Channel at Bayou La Batre and Acquisition, Development, etc., of Cargo Handling Facilities of State Docks at Port of Mobile
§213.14Bonds for Construction and Improvement Purposes at Alabama Institute for Deaf and Blind
§213.15Bonds for Construction and Improvement Purposes at University of Alabama Medical Center
§213.16Bonds for Construction and Improvement Purposes at the Alabama Polytechnic Institute
§213.17Bonds for Construction and Improvement Purposes at University of Alabama Research Institute
§213.18Issuance of Revenue Securities by Institutions of Learning
§213.19Indebtedness by State for Textile Technology and Education Facilities
§213.20Indebtedness by State for Animal and Livestock Diagnostic Services and Education Facilities
§213.21Indebtedness by State for Forensic Sciences Laboratories and Education Facilities
§213.22Bonds for State Board of Health Hospitals and District Tuberculosis Sanitoria
§213.23Bond Issue for Building Construction and Improvement Purpose at Alabama State Hospitals and Partlow State School for Mental Deficients
§213.24Increasing Rate of Interest and Other Matters Relating to Bonds Authorized Under Section 213.23
§213.25Bond Issue to Assist in Construction and Equipment of Hospitals, etc
§213.26Increasing Rate of Interest and Other Matters Relating to Bonds Issued Under Section 213.25
§213.27Bond Issue for Mental Hospital at University of Alabama Medical Center
§213.28Bond Issue to Assist in Construction and Equipment of Hospitals, etc
§213.29Bond Issue for Acquisition, Improvement, etc., of Mental Health Facilities
§213.30Bonds for Acquisition, Construction, etc., of Mental Health Facilities
§213.31Bond Issue to Acquire, Develop, etc., State Parks and Park Facilities
§213.32Indebtedness by State for State Parks System and Historical Sites
§213.321Bonds for State Parks, Public Historical Sites, and Public Historical Parks
§213.325Use of Parks Funding
§213.33Bonds for Penal and Correctional Facilities
§213.34Issuance of Interest Bearing Bonds for Specified Purposes
§213.35Alabama Music Hall of Fame Authority
§213.36Bonds for Display of Certain Exhibits in Madison County
§213.37Appropriation of Cellular Radio Telecommunication Service Tax Funds for Payment on Outstanding Bonds of Alabama Revolving Loan Fund Authority
§213.38Road Bond Issue Amendment
§213.39State Roads, Highways and Bridges - Bond Issue
§213.40Bonds to Pay or Retire Alabama Bridge Commission Bonds
§213.41Bond Issue for Acquiring, etc., Public Roads, Highways and Bridges in Conjunction with United States
§214Limitation on State Property Tax Rate
§37-11.40Lien for Failure to Pay Fee
§215Limitation on County Property Tax Rates; Special County Taxes for Public Buildings, Bridges or Roads; Disposition of Revenue from Special Tax
§215.01Additional County Taxes for County Hospitals
§215.02Special Tax for Hospital and Public Health Purposes in Counties Except Mobile, Montgomery and Jefferson
§215.03Special County Tax for Public Hospital Purposes
§215.04Use of Certain Special County Taxes for Hospital Care and Treatment of Indigent Residents
§215.05Special Property Tax by Counties or Municipalities for Library Purposes
§216Limitation on Property Tax Rates of Municipal Corporations
§216.01Municipal Tax Amendment
§216.02Tax Rates in Certain Municipalities
§216.03Tax Rates in Jasper, Cordova, Dora, Oxford, Talladega, Citronelle, Girard, Albany and Tuscaloosa
§216.04Additional Municipal Taxes
§216.05Municipal Taxation for Capital Improvements
§217Classification of Taxable Property for Purposes of Ad Valorem Taxation; Taxable Property to be Taxed by State, Counties, Municipalities, etc., at Same Rate; Assessment Ratios for Purposes of Ad Valorem Taxation; Increase or Decrease of Assessment Ratios by Counties, Municipalities, etc.; Increase or Decrease of Ad Valorem Tax Rates by Counties, Municipalities, etc.; Maximum Amount of Ad Valorem Tax; Certain Property to be Assessed at Current Use Value and Not Market Value; Exemption of Certain Property from Ad Valorem Taxation; Interpretation of Authority for Counties, Municipalities, etc., to Levy Taxes, Borrow Money, etc., in Relation to Assessment of Property; Counties, Municipalities, etc., Authorized to Levy Additional Ad Valorem Tax for Costs of Certain Statewide Reappraisal of Property
§218Counties and Municipal Corporations Exempt from Payment of Charges Payable from State Treasury
§219Estate Taxes
§219.01Game and Fish Fund
§219.02Alabama Trust Fund
§219.03Investment of Capital and Income from Alabama Heritage Trust Fund or Alabama Trust Fund
§219.04County and Municipal Government Capital Improvement Trust Fund; Alabama Capital Improvement Trust Fund
§219.041Increase in Bonding Authority; Competitive Bidding
§219.042Maximum Aggregate Principal Limitations on General Obligation Bonds
§219.043Distributions from Alabama Trust Fund for Additional Payments to Fund Bonds
§219.05Distribution of Alabama Trust Fund Income
§219.06Penny Trust Fund Established for Promotion of Public Health and Public Schools
§219.07Acquisition, Maintenance and Protection of Unique Lands and Water Areas
§219.08Forever Wild Land Trust
§219.09Distributions from Alabama Trust Fund; Distributions from County and Municipal Government Capital Improvement Trust Fund
Article XII: Corporations
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XII (Corporations)
§220Consent of Municipal Corporation Prerequisite to Use of Public Property for Public Utility or Private Enterprise Purposes
§221Payment of State License Tax, etc., Not to Excuse Payment of Other Privilege and License Taxes
§222Issuance of Bonds by Counties, Municipal Corporations, Districts and Other Political Subdivisions of Counties
§222.01Issuance of Revenue Bonds and Other Revenue Securities by Municipalities
§222.02Bonds and Other Securities Issued by Certain Public Corporations
§222.03Bonds for Voting Machines
§222.04Bonds for Enlargement, etc., of Municipally-Owned Manufacturing, Industrial or Commercial Projects
§222.05Certain County Revenue Securities Not to Constitute Bonds or Indebtedness
§223Limitation on Assessments for Public Improvements by Municipal Corporations
§41-11.20Lee County Municipalities
§225Indebtedness of Municipal Corporations - Limitation; Exception as to Sheffield and Tuscumbia; Limitation Not Applicable to Obligations or Indebtedness Exempted by Constitution or Amendments Thereto
§225.01Certain Obligations of Municipality Having Less Than 6,000 Inhabitants Not Indebtedness Within Meaning of Section 225
§226Indebtedness of Municipal Corporations - Municipal Corporations Whose Present Indebtedness Exceeds Constitutional Limitation; Exception as to Sheffield and Tuscumbia
§227Liability of Public Utilities in Municipal Corporations for Damages to Abutting Property Owners
§228Maximum Term of Public Utility Franchises in Cities and Towns Having Population of Six Thousand or More
§228.01Trust Funds for Continuing Benefit of Certain Cities
§229Authority of Legislature to Pass General Laws Pertaining to Corporations and Other Entities
§235Taking of Property for Public Use by Municipal and Other Corporations
§238Authority of Legislature to Revoke Charters of Incorporation
§239Telegraph and Telephone Companies
§240Corporations May Sue and be Sued Like Natural Persons
§241Corporation Defined
§242When Railroads and Canals Deemed Public Highways; Railroad and Canal Companies; Common Carriers; Rights of Railroad Companies Generally
Article XIII: Banks and Banking
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XIII (Banks and Banking)
§247Authority of Legislature
§255Applicability of Article
Article XIV: Education
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XIV (Education)
§256Educational Policy of State; Authority of Legislature to Provide for or Authorize Establishment and Operation of Schools by Persons, Municipalities, etc.; Grant, Donation, Sale or Lease of Funds and Property for Educational Purposes
§257Principal from Sale, etc., of School Property to be Preserved; Disposition of Income Therefrom
§258Property Donated or Appropriated for Educational Purposes and Estates of Persons Dying Without Will or Heirs to be Applied to Furtherance of Education
§260Certain Income to be Applied to Support and Furtherance of Education; Special Annual Tax for Education; Maximum Annual Levy on Taxable Property; Priority for Payment of Bonded Indebtedness of State; Proceeds of Certain Taxes to be Used for Support and Furtherance of Education
§260.02Education Trust Fund Rainy Day Account
§261Percentage of School Funds for Teachers' Salaries
§262Selection, Qualifications, Powers, Duties and Tenure of State Board of Education and Superintendent of Education
§263School Funds Not to be Used for Support of Sectarian or Denominational Schools
§264Board of Trustees of State University
§265Annual Payment of Interest on Funds of University of Alabama; Authority to Abolish Military System at University
§266Board of Trustees of Auburn University
§267Change of Location of Alabama Polytechnic Institute, Alabama Schools for the Deaf and Blind or Alabama Girls Industrial School
§268Provision for Taking School Census
§269Special County Educational Taxes
§269.01Special County Tax for Public School Purposes
§269.02Special District Tax for Public School Purposes
§269.03Disposition of Special School Tax Funds
§269.04Additional Property Tax for County Educational Purposes
§269.05Additional Special District School Tax
§269.06Ratification of Public School Taxes
§269.07Levy and Collection of District School Tax
§269.08Minimum Ad Valorem Tax Rate for General School Purposes
§270Applicability of Article to Mobile County
Article XV: Militia
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XV (Militia)
§271Composition of Militia; Organizing, Arming and Disciplining Militia; Naval Militia May be Organized
§272Conformance with Regulations of United States Department of Defense and Laws of United States; Administration of Military Affairs by Military Department and Adjutant General
§273Appointment, Suspension, Discharge, Removal and Retirement of Officers of State Military Forces; Qualifications of Personnel of Federally-Recognized National Guard
§274Volunteer Organizations
§275Immunity of Members from Arrest While Attending, Going to or Returning from Musters, Parades and Elections
§276Appointment of Adjutant General, General Officers and Governor’s Staff
§277Safe Keeping of Arms, Ammunition, Military Records, etc
§278Officers and Men Not Entitled to Compensation When Not in Active Service
Article XVI: Oath of Office
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XVI (Oath of Office)
§279Required of Members of Legislature and Executive and Judicial Officers; Form; Administration
Article XVII: Miscellaneous Provisions
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XVII (Miscellaneous Provisions)
§280Holding State and Federal Office at Same Time; Holding Two State Offices at Same Time
§281Compensation of Civil Officers Not to be Increased or Diminished During Term for Which Elected or Appointed
§282Duty of Legislature to Enact Laws to Effectuate Constitution
§283Validation of Certain Acts Relating to Bonded Debt of State; Governor Authorized to Act Thereunder
Article XVIII: Mode of Amending the Constitution
PassageTitle
Entire ArticleArticle XVIII (Mode of Amending the Constitution)
§284Manner of Proposing Amendments; Submission of Amendments to Electors; Election on Amendments; Proclamation of Result of Election; Basis of Representation in Legislature Not to be Changed by Amendment
§284.01Proposed Constitutional Amendments Affecting Only One County
§285Election Ballots; Affirmative Vote of Majority of Electors Voting Required for Passage
§286Manner of Calling Convention for Purpose of Altering or Amending Constitution; Repeal of Act or Resolution Calling Convention; Jurisdiction and Power of Convention Not Restricted
§286.01Procedure for Ratification and Adoption of Proposed Constitution of Alabama
§286.02Recompilation of Constitution of Alabama
§286.03Renumbering and Placement of Amendments in the Constitution of Alabama of 2022; Validity of Judicial Interpretations; Transfer of Annotations
§287Votes by Legislature on Proposed Amendments or Bills or Resolutions Calling Conventions; Acts or Resolutions Proposing Amendments or Calling Conventions Not to be Submitted to Governor for Approval
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